neurogenesis
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Introduction
see neuroblast & neural stem cell
- neurogenesis in adult humans is restricted to the subventricular zone & hippocampal subgranular zone
- a significant increase in total brain volume does not occur because the vast majority of newly generated neurons undergo apoptosis
- apoptotic neurons are rapidly & efficiently phagocytosed by resident microglia preventing any accumulation of cellular material
- thus a relatively stable neuronal population is maintained within the fixed cranial vault
- an age-related decline in neurogenesis occurs due to
- reduced proliferative capacity of neural stem cells,
- decreased angiogenesis
- increased inflammation
- phenotypic changes in the neural stem cell population
- this age-related decline in neurogenesis occurs in context of a balanced turnover rather than net accumulation of neurons thus not challenging the constraints of afixed cranial capacity.[6]
Notes
- term is loosely used to refer to either mitoses of neuroblasts of synaptogenesis
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Bouchard J, Villeda SA Aging and brain rejuvenation as systemic events J Neurochem. 2015 Jan; 132(1): 5-19 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25327899
- ↑ Sierra A, Encinas JM, Deudero JJ Microglia shape adult hippocampal neurogenesis through apoptosis-coupled phagocytosis. Cell Stem Cell. 2010 Oct 8;7(4):483-95. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20887954 PMCID: PMC4008496 Free PMC article.
- ↑ Denoth-Lippuner A, Jessberger S. Formation and integration of new neurons in the adult hippocampus. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2021 Apr;22(4):223-236. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33633402 Review.
- ↑ Ribeiro FF, Xapelli S. An Overview of Adult Neurogenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1331:77-94. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34453294 Review.
- ↑ Tari AR, Walker TL, Huuha AM, Sando SB, Wisloff U. Neuroprotective mechanisms of exercise and the importance of fitness for healthy brain ageing. Lancet. 2025 Mar 29;405(10484):1093-1118. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40157803 Review.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Martin-Suarez S, Valero J, Muro-Garcia T, Encinas JM. Phenotypical and functional heterogeneity of neural stem cells in the aged hippocampus. Aging Cell. 2019 Aug;18(4):e12958. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30989815 PMCID: PMC6612636 Free PMC article.