pharmaceutical agents causing severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs)
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Introduction
Risk of developing SCAR is greatest during 1st few weeks of therapy
Etiology
- antibiotics:
- anticonvulsants:
- carbamazepine#
- phenytoin#
- lamotrigine
- anvirals
- other
- allopurinol (esp doses > 200 mg/day)*
- oxicam NSAIDs (phenylbutazone)
- tramadol
- pantoprozole
- sertraline
- bromides, iodides
- chlormezanone
- sulfasalazine
* allopurinol most common cause of SCARs in Europe
# drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome & toxic epidermal necrolysis (carbamazepine, phenytoin) linked to HLA-B*1502 in Han Chinese (Asians, South Asian Indians)
References
- ↑ Mockenhaupt et al, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: Assessment of medication risks with emphasis on recently marketed drugs: The EuroSCAR-study J invest Dermatol 2008, 129:35 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17805350
Halevy S et al, Allopurinol is the most common cause of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Europe and Israel J Am Acad Dermatol 2008, 58:25 - ↑ Mustafa SS, Ostrov D, Yerly D. Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions: presentation, risk factors, and management. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2018;18:26. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29574562