embryonic stem (ES) cell
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Introduction
Totipotent stem cells derived from pre/peri implantation embryo.
Characteristics
- prolonged undifferentiated proliferation
- potential to form tissue from all 3 germ cell layers
- high levels of telemorase activity
Preparation
- fresh/frozen cleavage stage human embryos produced by in-vitro fertilization or nuclear transfer[2][4][6]
- cultured to blastocyst stage (14 inner cell masses)
- isolation of inner cells by immunosurgery & culture of cells onto irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts
- dissociation & reculture (after 2 weeks)
- may be inducible from differentiated cells[6]
Notes
- embryonic stem cells can be coerced into developing into any cell type with appropriate growth factors & extracellular matrix.
- disabling Cdx2, in mouse blastocyst, prevents uterine implantation, but retains ability to produce pluripotent embryonic stem cells with regenerative capabilities.[6]
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Castle, S In: Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Santa Monica, CA, Sept 20-23, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Castle, S In: Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
- ↑ Thompson et al, Science 282:1145, 1998
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hwang WS, Ryu YJ, Park JH, Park ES, Lee EG, Koo JM, Jeon HY, Lee BC, Kang SK, Kim SJ, Ahn C, Hwang JH, Park KY, Cibelli JB, Moon SY. Evidence of a pluripotent human embryonic stem cell line derived from a cloned blastocyst. Science. 2004 Mar 12;303(5664):1669-74. Epub 2004 Feb 12. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14963337 <Internet> http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/rapidpdf/1094515v1.pdf
- ↑ Journal Watch 25(13):101, 2005 Hwang WS, Roh SI, Lee BC, Kang SK, Kwon DK, Kim S, Kim SJ, Park SW, Kwon HS, Lee CK, Lee JB, Kim JM, Ahn C, Paek SH, Chang SS, Koo JJ, Yoon HS, Hwang JH, Hwang YY, Park YS, Oh SK, Kim HS, Park JH, Moon SY, Schatten G. Patient-specific embryonic stem cells derived from human SCNT blastocysts. Science. 2005 Jun 17;308(5729):1777-83. Epub 2005 May 19. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15905366 <Internet> http://www.sciencemag.org/cg/rapidpdf/1112286v1
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Meissner A, Jaenisch R. Generation of nuclear transfer-derived pluripotent ES cells from cloned Cdx2-deficient blastocysts. Nature. 2006 Jan 12;439(7073):212-5. Epub 2005 Oct 16. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16227971
- ↑ Okita K et al, Generation of germline-competent induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2007, June 6 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17554338 <Internet> http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05934
Wernig M et al In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES- cell-like-state. Nature 2007, June 6 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17554336 <Internet> http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05944