arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1; arylamide acetylase 1; monomorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase; MNAT; N-acetyltransferase type 1; NAT-1 (NAT1 AAC1)

Function

• role in the detoxification of a plethora of hydrazine & arylamine drugs
• catalyzes the N- or O-acetylation of various arylamine & heterocyclic amine substrates

acetyl-CoA + an arylamine = CoA + an N-acetylarylamine

Structure

• belongs to the arylamine N-acetyltransferase family

Compartment

cytoplasm

Pathology

• bioactivates several known carcinogens

Polymorphism

• N-acetylation polymorphism is determined by a low or high NAT activity in liver
• implicated in the action & toxicity of amine-containing drugs
• candidate risk factor for susceptibility to neural tube defects
• slow acetylation genotypes have been associated with lung cancer risk
• the NAT1*10 allele has been associated with increased risk of colon cancer & urinary bladder cancers & with higher levels of N-acetyltransferase activity & DNA adducts in aromatic amine tumor target organs such as colon & urinary bladder

Notes

• NAT1 was historically considered to be monomorphic in nature; NAT2 historically polymorphic NAT
• the allelic variation Ile-149 designated as NAT1*17 is part of the NAT1*11 allelic variation

More general terms

• arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT)

Database

• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:9
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/108345
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P18440.html