DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3F, APOBEC3F)
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Function
- inhibition of retroviral replication
- after being packaged into HIV-1 virions, blocks productive infection by massively editing dC residues to dU on the DNA minus strand during reverse transcription
- editing of the minus strand DNA of HIV-1 during reverse transcription leads to G-to-A transitions in the plus strand
- inhibition of retroviral replication is either due to degradation of the minus strand before its integration or to the lethality of the hypermutations
- forms heterodimers with APOBEC3G
- binds HIV-1 Vif
- in the absence of Vif protein, specifically packaged into HIV-1 virions
Structure
- belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- widely expressed,
- expressed in lymphoid tissues, including thymus & peripheral blood leukocytes
- no expression in permissive lymphoid tissue
Genetics
- 1 of 7 related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22