varicose vein (varix)

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Introduction

Distended, lengthened or tortuous vein(s). The superficial veins of the legs (saphenous veins) are most commonly affected. Other sites include the rectum (hemorrhoids), the testes (varicocele), the esophagus (esophageal varices) & the retina.

Etiology

Epidemiology

  • 30-60% of adults
  • females affected more frequently than males
  • incidence increases with age

Clinical manifestations

Laboratory

Complications

Differential diagnosis

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 276-77
  2. 2.0 2.1 Rass K et al Comparable Effectiveness of Endovenous Laser Ablation and High Ligation With Stripping of the Great Saphenous Vein Arch Dermatol. Published online September 19, 2011 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21931012 <Internet> http://archderm.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/archdermatol.2011.272
  3. 3.0 3.1 Brittenden J et al A Randomized Trial Comparing Treatments for Varicose Veins. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:1218-1227. September 25, 2014 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25251616 <Internet> http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1400781
  4. 4.0 4.1 Chang SL, Huang YL, Lee MC et al Association of Varicose Veins With Incident Venous Thromboembolism and Peripheral Artery Disease. JAMA. 2018;319(8):807-817. February 27, 2018 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29486040 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2673551
  5. 5.0 5.1 Brittenden J, Cooper D, Dimitrova M et al. Five-year outcomes of a randomized trial of treatments for varicose veins. N Engl J Med 2019 Sep 5; 381:912 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31483962 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1805186
  6. Raetz J, Wilson M, Collins K. Varicose Veins: Diagnosis and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jun 1;99(11):682-688. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31150188 Free article. Review.
  7. Barstow C, Kassop D. Cardiovascular disease: chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins. FP Essent. 2019;479:16-20. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30995000

Patient information

varicose vein patient information