Nurses' Health Study

^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Introduction

1,091 NHS I participants (mean age, about 55) & 94,503 NHS II participants (mean age, about 36).

Conclusions:

women taking at least 2 tablets of NSAIDs/week for 5 years or longer have a 20% lower risk of breast cancer^[1]
long-terms aspirin, NSAIDs reduce risk of colon cancer^[2]
- benefit seen after 10 years of use
- maximal benefit with > 2 tablets/day
higher plasma folate & vitamin B6 levels are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer^[1]
coffee consumption NOT linked to increased risk of hypertension
cola consumption (diet or regular) linked to increased risk of hypertension
relative risk of breast cancer = 1.42 after 20 years of unapposed estrogen in women s/p hysterectomy

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Prescriber's Letter 10(5):28 2003
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Meyerhardt JA, Schernhammer ES, Curhan GC, Fuchs CS. Long-term use of aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of colorectal cancer. JAMA. 2005 Aug 24;294(8):914-23. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16118381
↑ Winkelmayer WC et al, Habitual caffeine intake and the risk of hypertension in women. JAMA 2005 Nov 9; 294:2330 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16278361
↑ Stefanick ML et al Effects of conjugated equine estrogens on breast cancer and mammography screening in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy JAMA 2006; 295:1647 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16609086
Chen WY et al, Unopposed estrogen therapy and the risk of invasive breast cancer Arch Intern Med 2006; 166:1027 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16682578