seminoma
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Introduction
[Latin, semen(semin) = seed; greek, oma = tumor]
Pathology
- radiosensitive malignant neoplasm.
- arises from germ cells in the testis of young male adults
- metastasizes to the paraaortic lymph nodes
Laboratory
- serum beta-chorionic gonadotropin (serum beta-hCG)
- increased in 10% of seminomas
- may be increased in non-seminomas[3]
- correlates with trophoblasts within tumor
- serum alpha-fetoprotein is NEVER increased in pure seminomas
Management
- radical (inguinal) orchiectomy
- stage 1
- active surveillance for stage I seminoma diagnosed after radical inguinal orchiectomy[3]
- other options do not improve overall survival
- chemotherapy (bleomycin/cisplatin/etoposide) for patients with more advanced seminoma[3]
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for recurrent or refractory disease
More general terms
References
- ↑ Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999.
- ↑ Oliver RT, Mead GM, Rustin GJ et al Randomized trial of carboplatin versus radiotherapy for stage I seminoma: mature results on relapse and contralateral testis cancer rates in MRC TE19/EORTC 30982 study. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Mar 10;29(8):957-62 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21282539
Oliver RT, Mason MD, Mead GM et al Radiotherapy versus single-dose carboplatin in adjuvant treatment of stage I seminoma: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2005 Jul 23-29;366(9482):293-300. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16039331 - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015
- ↑ Tandstad T, Smaaland R, Solberg A et al Management of seminomatous testicular cancer: a binational prospective population-based study from the Swedish norwegian testicular cancer study group. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Feb 20;29(6):719-25. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205748