second hand smoke (passive smoking)
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Epidemiology
Pathology
2nd hand smoke or passive smoking:
- increases risk of lung cancer (30%)
- increases risk of coronary artery disease (30%)
- increased bronchial hyperreactivity & risk of asthma[1]
- diminishes FEV1[1]
- may increase risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)[2]
- increases risk of cognitive impairment[6]
- risks may be overestimated[3]
- increases risk of mortality (15%)[4]
Complications
- shortness of breath
- difficulty exercising
- wheezing during exercise
- dry cough at night
- subjective decline in health
- more emergency department or urgent care visits
- missed more school[11]
Management
- smoking ban in public places reduces respiratory symptoms
- complete smoking ban in work place needed to reduce risk of myocardial infarction[7] & improves respiratory function[5]
- public smoking bans have reduced preterm births & childhood asthma visits[8]
Notes
- clinicians rarely counsel hospitalized cardiac patients about secondhand smoke exposure[9]
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Journal Watch 22(3):24, 2002 Janson et al, Lancer 358:2103, 2001
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Journal Watch 22(8):62, 2002 McMartin KI, J Pediatr 140:205, 2002
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Journal Watch 23(13):106, 2003 Enstrom JE & Kabat GC, BMJ 326:1057, 2003 http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/326/7398/1057 Davey Smith G, BMJ BMJ 326:1048, 2003
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Journal Watch 24(12):99, 2004 Hill S, Blakely T, Kawachi I, Woodward A. Mortality among 'never smokers' living with smokers: two cohort studies, 1981-4 and 1996-9. BMJ. 2004 Apr 24;328(7446):988-9. Epub 2004 Apr 05. No abstract available. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15066889 <Internet> http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/328/7446/988
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Menzies D et al, Respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function, and markers of inflammation among bar workers before and after a legislative ban on smoking in public places. JAMA 2006, 296:1742 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17032987
Eisner MD Banning smoking in public places: Time to clear the air. JAMA 2006, 296:1778 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17032992 - ↑ 6.0 6.1 Llewellyn DJ et al Exposure to secondhand smoke and cognitive impairment in non-smokers: national cross sectional study with cotinine measurement BMJ. 2009 Feb 12;338:b462. doi:http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1136/bmj.b462. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19213767
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Hurt RD et al. Myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in Olmsted County, Minnesota, before and after smoke-free workplace laws. Arch Intern Med 2012 Nov 26; 172:1635. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23108571 <Internet> http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1387590
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Been JV et al Effect of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 28 March 2014 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680633 <Internet> http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2960082-9/abstract
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Japuntich SJ et al Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Hospitalized Nonsmokers With Coronary Heart Disease. JAMA Intern Med. Published online November 10, 2014. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25383761 <Internet> http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1930722
Vandivier RW Learning to Act on Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure to Limit Risk for Coronary Heart Disease. JAMA Intern Med. Published online November 10, 2014. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25383686 <Internet> http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1930721 - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Orciari Herman A, Sadoughi S, Sofair A Over Half of Youth Exposed to Secondhand Smoke Physician's First Watch, Jan 11, 2016 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org
Agaku IT, Singh T, Rolle I et al Prevalence and Determinants of Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Middle and High School Students. Pediatrics. Feb 2016 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26755696 <Internet> http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/01/08/peds.2015-1985 - ↑ 11.0 11.1 Merianos AL, Jandarov RA, Mahabee-Gittens EM. Adolescent Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Respiratory Symptoms, and Emergency Department Use. Pediatrics. August 6, 2018 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30082449 <Internet> http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2018/08/02/peds.2018-0266
- ↑ National Cancer Institute Secondhand Smoke and Cancer https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/second-hand-smoke-fact-sheet