phase 2 drug metabolizing enzyme
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Introduction
Phase 2 enzymes (in general) reduce toxicity of the products of phase 1 enzymes. They include enzymes catalyzing conjugation of xenobiotics to endogenous ligands, glucuronate & glutathione to confer aqueous solubility to hydrophobic molecules for clearance from the body.
Phase 2 enzymes may be encoded by genes that contain the antioxidant response element (ARE).
Phase 2 enzymes include:
- glutathione-S-transferase
- NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase
- epoxide hydrolase
- dihydrodiol dehydrogenase
- gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
- heme oxygenase-1
- leukotriene B4 dehydrogenase
- aflatoxin B1 dehydrogenase
- ferritin
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Nguyen T et al Regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression mediated by the antioxidant response element Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 43:233, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12359864