potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)

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Indications

hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia
- potassium & phosphate replacement
acidification of urine
lowering urinary Ca+2 concentration
- prevention of calcium stones
reduce odor & rash caused by ammoniacal urine

Dosage

IV dosing only for K+ replacement
give dose based on potassium & phosphate levels
as urinary tract agent:
- 1000 mg dissolved in 6-8 oz of water QID (with meals & QHS) Tablets, Na+ free: 500 mg = 3.67 meq K+

Injection: 3 mmol phosphate & 4.4 meq K+/mL (15 mL) 224 mg monobasic (K2HPO4) & 236 mg dibasic (KH2PO4)/mL must be diluted prior to administration

Adverse effects

common (> 10%)
- diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, epigastric pain, flatulence
less common (1-10%)
- bradycardia, hyperkalemia, local tissue necrosis with extravasation, weakness, dyspnea
uncommon (< 1%)
- chest pain, arrhythmia, edema, confusion, tetany, pain of extremities, hyperphosphatemia*, hypocalcemia*, alkalosis, abdominal pain, weight gain, throat pain, decreased urine output, phlebitis, paresthesias, paralysis, bone pain, arthralgia, weakness of extremities, dyspnea, thirst

* phosphate toxicity can result in hypocalcemic tetany

Drug interactions

increased effect of digoxin

More general terms

Component of

References

↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998 Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
↑ Deprecated Reference

Database

PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=24506

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