cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome
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Classification
- risk stratefication
- Stage 0: no risk factors
- Stage 1: excess body fat &/or impaired glucose tolerance or prediabetes
- Stage 2: metabolic risk factors present
- Stage 3: early, asymptomatic cardiovascular disease
- Stage 4: cardiovascular disease with or without chronic renal failure
Epidemiology
- high prevalence in the population
- disproportionately affecting socially disadvantaged individuals
Monitor
- assess blood pressure, weight <= every 3-5 years
Laboratory
- screening* to assess
* every 3-5 years stage 0, every 2-3 years stage 1, every year stage 2
Radiology
- consider coronary artery calcium screening (stage 3)
Complications
- high incidence of cardiovascular disease events & cardiovascular mortality[1]
Management
- prevention based on the AHA Life's Essential 8
- + at least 5% weight loss (stage 1)
- treat type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, kidney disease (stage 2)
- intensify prevention treatment (stage 3)
- individualized treatment for cardiovascular disease with consideration for
- CKM syndrome conditions (stage 4)
More general terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ndumele CE, Rangaswami J, Chow SL et al Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023. Oct 9. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37807924 Free article https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001184
- ↑ Lou N Time to Recognize Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome, AHA Says. Pooled cohort equations will make way for new CKM risk calculator