apraclonidine ophthalmic (Iopidine)
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Introduction
Tradename: Lopidine.
Indications
Dosage
- 1 drop in operative eye 1 hour prior to laser surgery, & 2nd drop 1 hour post-operatively
- adjunctive therapy: 1 drop OU TID (0.5%) 0.5% (5 mL), 1% (0.25 mL)
Adverse effects
- not common (1-10%)
- lethargy, dry mouth, dry nose, upper eyelid elevation, conjunctival blanching, mydriasis, burning & itching eyes, discomfort, conjunctival microhemorrhage, blurred vision
- uncommon (< 1%)
- allergic reaction, GI & CNS effects, arrhythmias
- long-term therapy associated with increased systemic adverse effects
- drug adverse effects of adrenergic receptor agonists
- drug adverse effects of alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists
- drug adverse effects of sympathomimetic(s)
Mechanism of action
- alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, similar to clonidine
- reduces formation of aqueous humor
- 17-26% reduction in intraocular pressure
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998