TMN classification of head & neck cancer
Classification
TX: primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0: no evidence of primary tumor
T1: lip, oral cavity, oropharynx: 0-2 cm hypopharyx, nasopharynx 1 site larynx: 1 site or limited to vocal cords
T2: lip, oral cavity, oropharynx: 2.1-4 cm hypopharynx: > 1 site, no vocal cord fixation nasopharyx: > 1 site larynx: > 1 site or impaired vocal cord mobility
T3: lip, oral cavity, oropharynx: > 4 cm hypopharynx: vocal cord paralysis nasopharynx: extension to nasal cavity or oropharynx larynx: vocal cord paralysis
T4: lip, oral cavity: > 4 cm with massive invasion oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, larynx
- massive soft tissue, bone or cartilage invasion
Regional lymph nodes (N)
NX: regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0: no regional lymph node metastases
N1: metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node =< 3 cm in dimension
N2:
N2a: metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, >= 3 cm & =< 6 cm in greatest dimension
N2b: metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes =< 6 cm
N2c: bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes =< 6 cm
N3: metastasis in a lymph node > 6 cm in greatest dimension
Distant metastases (M)
MX: presence of distant metastases cannot be assessed
M0: No distant metastases
M1: distant metastases
Stage grouping:
| Stage | T | T | M |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stage 0: | Tis | NO | M0 |
| Stage 1: | T1 | N0 | M0 |
| Stage 2: | T2 | N0 | M0 |
| Stage 3: | T3 | N0 | M0 |
| - | T1 | N1 | M0 |
| - | T2 | N1 | M0 |
| - | T3 | N1 | M0 |
| Stage 4: | T4 | N0 | M0 |
| - | T4 | N1 | M0 |
| - | any T | N2 | M0 |
| - | any T | N3 | M0 |
| - | any T | any N | M1 |
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 551