Cyclospora cayetanensis
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Introduction
Originally described as a blue-green algae, cyanobacterium-like body or coccian-like body.
Epidemiology
- recovered from patients in several countries, including USA
- disease is more common in the summer
- cause of traveler's diarrhea
- can cause outbreaks of diarrhea in filtered & chlorinated water
- 200 cases of cyclosporiasis in Iowa, Nebraska, Texas, & Wisconsin in 2013[4]
- Outbreaks in Nebraska and Iowa 2013 linked to bagged salad & fresh cilantro grown in Mexico
Pathology
- oocysts pass unsporulated
- 1-2 weeks are required for sporulation
- each mature oocyst contains 2 sporocysts, each with 2 sporozoites
Clinical manifestations
- see cyclosporiasis
Laboratory
- Cyclospora cayetanensis in specimen
- diagnosis is made by recovery of oocysts in feces
- oocysts
- nonrefractile spheres measuring 8-10 um containing a cluster of refractile globules enclosed within a membrane
- with trichrome stains, appear clear, round & somewhat wrinkled
- stain with acid fast stains
- auramine-O
- modified Kinyoun method
- autofluoresce bright green to intense blue under UV- epifluorescence
- Cyclospora cayetanensis DNA
Management
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, 19th edition, J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. 1996, pg 1281
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 1204
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 16, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2012, 2018
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 FDA: Food. Posted July 22, 2013 FDA Investigates Multistate Outbreak of Cyclosporiasis http://www.fda.gov/Food/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies/Outbreaks/ucm361637.htm
- ↑ Physician's First Watch, August 1, 2013 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society (see CDC site) http://www.jwatch.org
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC) Parasites - Cyclosporiasis (Cyclospora Infection) Investigation of an Outbreak of Cyclosporiasis in the United States. Updated Oct 23, 2013 http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/cyclosporiasis/outbreaks/investigation-2013.html