Campylobacter jejuni
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Introduction
Epidpemiology:
- most common bacterial cause of infectious diarrhea due to undercooked poultry[2]
Pathology
- cytolethal distending toxin B from Campylobacter jejuni may play a role
- cytolethal distending toxin B antibody may cross-react with host epithelial vinculin
Clinical manifestations
- infectious diarrhea, watery or bloody
- symptoms delayed 2-5 days from time of exposure
- fever, abdominal cramping[2]
Laboratory
- Campylobacter jejuni serology
- Campylobacter jejuni+coli antigen in stool
- Campylobacter jejuni DNA
- Campylobacter jejuni rRNA
Differential diagnosis
- Shigella: bloody diarrhea with mucus, incubation time 3 days
- Salmonella enteriditis: bloody diarrhea with mucus, incubation time 8-72 hours
- Bacillus cereus: due to preformed toxin; diarrhea within hours of ingestion
- Yersinina enterocolitica: unusul cause of diarrhea, right lower quadrant cramping
- Staphylococcus: due to preformed toxin; vomiting & diarrhea withi 24 houra
Management
- most patients recover within 1 week without treatment
- antibiotics should be considered for severely ill patients, immunosuppressed patients, pregnant, elderly
- macrolides - azithromycin (emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance)[2]
- see Campylobacter
More general terms
References
- ↑ Pimentel M et al. Development and validation of a biomarker for diarrhea- predominant irritable bowel syndrome in human subjects. PLoS ONE 2015 May 13; 10:e0126438 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25970536
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 NEJM Knowledge+ Gastroenterology
Skarp CPA, Hanninen ML, Rautelin HIK. Campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016 Feb;22(2):103-109. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26686808 Free article. Review.