loop diuretic

Indications

• heart failure
  • fluid overload, edema, peripheral edema, pulmonary edema
  • markedly decreased renal function. oliguria
• hypertension
• hypercalcemia

* do not change loop diuretic to thiazide diuretic for hyperkalemia in patients with systolic heart failure

Monitor

• serum electrolytes, serum Mg+, serum Ca+2 annually

• monitor with loop diuretics

Adverse effects

• hyperuricemia
• hypocalcemia
• hypokalemia
• ototoxicity
• rash
• vasculitis
• diuretic resistance

• drug adverse effects of loop diuretics
• drug adverse effects of diuretics
• drug adverse effects of antihypertensive agents

Mechanism of action

• site of action: loop of Henle
• not as effective as thiazide for lowering blood pressure in most patients

More general terms

• diuretic

More specific terms

• bumetanide (Bumex)
• ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
• furosemide (Lasix, Furoscix)
• torsemide (Demadex)