anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), CD30+, T-cell type
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Etiology
- rare complication of textured breast implants[2]
Epidemiology
- ~3% of adult non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
- ~10-30% of childhood lymphomas
- male predominance
Microscopic pathology
- ALCL, common variant ~70%
- ALCL, lymphohistiocytic variant ~10%
- ALCL, small cell variant ~5-10%
Immunophenotype
- CD30+
- ALK+ (most cases)
Genetics
- clonal rearrangement of T cell receptor ~90%
- EBV sequences absent
- chromosomal translocation involving ALK, most commonly t(2;5) involving nucleophosmin, others involving tropomyosin 3, Trk fused gene, clathrin heavy chain & ATIC (gene for 5-aminomidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleotide transformylase-IMP cyclohydrolase)
- chromosomal translocation t(2;17)(p23;q25) involving ALO17 with ALK
Clinical manifestations
- ~70% present with stage III or IV disease, peripheral &/or abdominal adenopathy often with extranodal infiltrates & bone marrow involvement.
- ~75% show B symptoms, especially high fever
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
- ALK tyrosine kinase receptor; anaplastic lymphoma kinase; CD246 (ALK)
- nucleophosmin; NPM; nucleolar phosphoprotein B23; numatrin; nucleolar protein NO38; nucleoplasmin 1 (NPM1, NPM)
References
- ↑ WHO Classification Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Jaffe et al. eds. IARC Press 2001
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Harrison P ALCL Increasing Rapidly in US Women as Breast Implants Rise. Medscape. July 21, 2022 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/977675
Kinslow CJ, Kim A, Sanchez GI et al Incidence of Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Breast in the US, 2000 to 2018. JAMA Oncol. Published online July 21, 2022 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35862042 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2794631
Patient information
anaplastic large cell lymphoma patient information