glutamate decarboxylase 2; glutamate decarboxylase 65 kD isoform (GAD2, GAD65)

Function

• catalyzes production of GABA
• phosphorylation does not affect kinetic parameters or subcellular location
• palmitoylated is required for presynaptic clustering

L-glutamate <--> 4-aminobutanoate + CO2

Cofactor: pyridoxal phosphate

Kinetic parameters:

• KM=2.15 mM for glutamate

Structure

• homodimer (putative)
• belongs to the group II decarboxylase family

Compartment

• cytoplasm, cytosol, cytoplasmic vesicle
• cell junction, synapse, presynaptic cell membrane
• Golgi membrane; peripheral membrane, cytoplasmic side
• associated to cytoplasmic vesicles
• in neurons, cytosolic leaflet of Golgi membranes & presynaptic clusters

Pathology

• autoantigen in the autoimmune disease stiff person syndrome & in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

More general terms

• glutamate decarboxylase
• phosphoprotein
• membrane protein

Additional terms

• anti-glutamate decarboxylase-2 antibody

Database

• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:2572
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/138275
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q05329.html