DNA mismatch repair; post-replication repair; DNA loop repair
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Introduction
Also referred to as DNA loop repair & post-replication repair.
Pathology
- genetic defects in mismatch repair genes play an important role in common cancer-susceptibility syndromes & sporadic cancers
- hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer is a common inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome associated with a defect in mismatch repair
- 10-20% of sporadic tumors show microsatellite instability, a marker of mismatch repair deficiency.
Biochemistry
- DNA mismatch repair systems exist that repair mispaired bases formed during DNA replication, genetic recombination & as a result of DNA damage
- mismatch repair deficiency can be observed in phenotypically normal cells
Comparative biology
- some of these systems are conserved in prokaryotes & eukaryotes
More general terms
Additional terms
- DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1; mutL protein homolog 1 (MLH1, COCA2)
- DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2; hMSH2; mutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2)
- DNA mismatch repair protein Msh3; MutS holomolog 3; divergent upstream protein; DUP; mismatch repair protein 1; MRP1 (MSH3, DUC1, DUG)
- DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6; hMSH6; mutS-alpha 160 kD subunit; p160; G/T mismatch-binding protein; GTMBP; GTBP (MSH6 GTBP)
- familial nonpolyposis colon cancer; hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC); Lynch syndrome; cancer family syndrome
- Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2; PMS1 protein homolog 2; DNA mismatch repair protein PMS2; postmeiotic segregation increased-2 (PMS2, PMSL2)
- PMS1 protein homolog 1; postmeiotic segregation increased-1; DNA mismatch repair protein PMS1 (PMS1, PMSL1)
References
- ↑ Kolodner RD. Mismatch repair: mechanisms and relationship to cancer susceptibility. Trends Biochem Sci. 1995 Oct;20(10):397-401. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8533151
- ↑ Karran P. Appropriate partners make good matches. Science. 1995 Jun 30;268(5219):1857-8. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7604258
- ↑ Umar A, Boyer JC, Kunkel TA. DNA loop repair by human cell extracts. Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):814-6. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973637
- ↑ Parsons R, Li GM, Longley M, Modrich P, Liu B, Berk T, Hamilton SR, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B. Mismatch repair deficiency in phenotypically normal human cells. Science. 1995 May 5;268(5211):738-40. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7632227