lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1; phosphatidate phosphohydrolase 2a; PAP2-alpha (PPAP2A, LPP1)
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Function
- broad-specificity phosphohydrolase
- dephosphorylates exogenous bioactive glycerolipids & sphingolipids
- catalyzes conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol
- regulates lysophosphatidic acid signaling in the cardiovascular system
- dephosphorylates lysophosphatidic acid in platelets, terminating signaling actions of lysophosphatidic acid
- may control circulating, & possibly also regulate localized, lysophosphatidic acid levels resulting from platelet activation
- little activity towards ceramide-1-phosphate & sphingosine-1-phosphate
- relative catalytic efficiency is lysophosphatidic acid > phosphatidic acid > sphingosine-1-phosphate > ceramide-1-phosphate
- down-regulation may contribute to the development of colon adenocarcinoma
- inhibited by sphingosine, Zn+2 & propanolol
- not inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide treatment
Structure
- homodimer (putative)
- N-glycosylated, contains high-mannose oligosaccharides
- belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family
Compartment
cell membrane; multi-pass membrane protein
Alternative splicing
Expression
- ubiquitously expressed
- highest expression found in prostate
- isoform 1 is predominant in kidney, lung, placenta & liver
- isoform 2 is predominant in heart & pancreas
- induced by androgens
Pathology
- down-regulated in colon adenocarcinomas
More general terms
- lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase; phosphatidate phosphohydrolase
- transmembrane 6 protein
- glycoprotein