cytochrome c (CYCS)
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Function
- component of electron transport shuttling electrons from complex 3 to complex 4
- oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase (complex 3); cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, (complex 4) the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain
- plays a role in apoptosis
- release from the inter mitochondrial membrane space into the cytoplasm through the bax subfamily protein-modified permeability transition pore complex (PTPC), activates APAF-1 which in turm activates caspase-9 to initiate apoptosis
- cytochrome c is also thought to bind IP3 receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- this binding inhibits Ca+2 inhibitory feedback on the IP3 receptors resulting in prolonged release of Ca+2 from endoplasmic reticulum stores
Structure
- belongs to the cytochrome c family
- binds 1 heme group per subunit
Compartment
- mitochondria matrix
- mitochondrial intermembrane space
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
- apoptosis
- bax subfamily protein
- electron transport
- mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex (PTPC)
References
- ↑ Adams JM, Cory S. Life-or-death decisions by the Bcl-2 protein family. Trends Biochem Sci. 2001 Jan;26(1):61-6. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11165519
- ↑ Sedlak TW, Snyder SH. Messenger molecules and cell death: therapeutic implications. JAMA. 2006 Jan 4;295(1):81-9. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16391220
- ↑ Protein Spotlight; Note: Life shuttle
Issue 76 of November 2006 http://www.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt076.shtml - ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P99999.html