pulmonary infiltrate

Introduction

Infiltrates may be alveolar or interstitial.

Etiology

• acute (development in < 24 hours)
  • bacterial pneumonia (C,P)*
  • pulmonary hemorrhage (C)
  • pulmonary embolism (C)
  • pulmonary edema (C,P)
  • leukoagglutinin reaction (P)
  • viral pneumonia (P)
    • influenza
    • RSV
• chronic (development over several days-weeks)
  • fungus (C, N)*
  • nocardia (C, N)
  • tumor (C)
  • tuberculosis (C,N)
  • Pneumocystis carinii (C, P, N)
  • viral pneumonia (C, P)
  • radiation (C, P)
  • pharmacologic causes: (P)
    • acyclovir
    • amiodarone
    • azathioprine
    • bleomycin
    • busulfan
    • carmustine (BCNU)
    • chlorambucil
    • cyclophosphamide
    • melphalan
    • methotrexate
    • methysergide
    • mitomycin C
    • nitrofurantoin
    • procarbazine o- sulfonamides

* C = consolidation; P = perivascular, peribronchial; N = nodular

More general terms

• sign/symptom

More specific terms

• pulmonary infiltrate in immunocompromised host
• pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia (PIE) syndrome