proteolytic processing of APP

Introduction

Proteases & other proteins involved:

• alpha-secretase
• beta-secretase
• gamma-secretase
• presenilins
• caspases (caspase-3)

Fragment nomenclature:

• alpha-APPs:
  • secreted ectodomain fragment after alpha-secretase cleavage, retained C-terminal fragment is 83 residues.
• beta-APPs:
  • secreted ectodomain fragment after beta-secretase cleavage, retained C-terminal fragment is 99 residues.
• p3 peptide:
  • A4(17-40/42), non-amyloidogenic peptide produced by alpha- and gamma-secretase
• APPC31:
  • C terminal 31 amino acids after caspase cleavage; cytotoxic in cell lines and primary neuronal cultures.

Additional terms

• A4 amyloid peptide; beta-peptide
• amyloid precursor protein; A4/beta amyloid precursor protein (APP)
• APP alpha-secretase
• APP gamma-secretase
• Beta Secretase