hematospermia

Etiology

• men < 40 years of age
  • benign condition
  • prostatitis
  • urethritis
  • etiology generally not found
• men > 40 years of age
  • prostatic calculi is the most common cause
  • 10% have a malignancy

Laboratory

• urinalysis
• prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for men > 40 years of age
• transrectal ultrasound for men > 40 years of age
  • not indicated in asymptomatic elderly with isolated occurence or need to exclued prostate cancer or bladder cancer

Management

• benign condition in men < 40 years of age
  • reassurance
  • rarely recurs
• refer patients > 40 years of age to urology for persistent hematuria
  • VAMC recommends serum PSA, consult not necessary unless serum PSA elevated
  • isolated hematuria in asymptomatic elderly is a benign condition & needs no consult or workup
    • reassurance & reassessment if recurrent

More general terms

• ejaculatory dysfunction
• sign/symptom