Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)
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Uses
Traditional uses:
- North American Indians taught Pilgrims many uses of cranberry
- cranberry has been used extensively in American cooking since Thanksgiving
Current uses:
- treatment & prevention of urinary tract infections (UTI)[2][5]
- not effective for preventing bacteriuria plus pyuria in elderly women residing in nursing home[8]
Dosage
Adverse effects
- possibly increased risk of renal stones
Drug interactions
- cranberry inhibits cyt P450 2C9[4], thus potentially interacts with any drug metabolized by cyt P450 2C9
- does NOT interact with warfarin[5]
- no drug interactions[7]
Mechanism of action
- active ingredients: not known, ripe fresh fruit is needed
- acidifies urine
- commercial cocktails of cranberry do not acidify urine sufficiently for antibacterial effect
- antibacterial affect not related to ability of cranberry to acidify urine
- cranberry inhibits ability of microorganisms, especially E. coli to adhere to the epithelial cells of the bladder
- does not appear to be effective in preventing UTI
Clinical trials
- cranberry supplementation* for 12 weeks in elderly 50-80 years
- associated with improvements in visual episodic memory
- decrease LDL-cholesterol[9]
* cranberry extract equivalent to 1 cup of cranberries
More general terms
Component of
References
- ↑ Victoria Rand, UCSF Fresno Lecture, 10/7/98
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Avorn J et al Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria after ingestion of cranberry juice. JAMA. 1994 Mar 9;271(10):751-4. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8093138
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Prescriber's Letter 8(12):71 2001
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Prescriber's Letter 10(11):63 2003
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Prescriber's Letter 14(6): 2007 Does a Cranberry Juice-Warfarin Interaction Really Exist? Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=230614&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ Journal Watch 21(17):138, 2001 Kontiokari T et al Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women. BMJ 322:1571 2001 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11431298
Barbosa-Cesnik C et al. Cranberry juice fails to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection: Results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2011 Jan 1; 52:23. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21148516 - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Juthani-Mehta M, Van Ness PH, Bianco L et al Effect of Cranberry Capsules on Bacteriuria Plus Pyuria Among Older Women in Nursing Homes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online October 27, 2016 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27787564 <Internet> http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2576822
Nicolle LE Cranberry for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection? Time to Move On. JAMA. Published online October 27, 2016 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27787544 <Internet> http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2576821 - ↑ 9.0 9.1 Brooks M A Cup of Cranberries a Day Tied to Better Memory. Medscape. May 20, 2022 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/974349
Flanagan E, Cameron D, Sobhan R et al Chronic Consumption of Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) for 12 Weeks Improves Episodic Memory and Regional Brain Perfusion in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Groups Feasibility Study. Front. Nutr., 19 May 2022 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35662954 PMCID: PMC9160193 Free PMC article https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.849902/full