yellow nail syndrome (lymphedema & yellow nails)
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Etiology
- chronic pulmonary disease
- dermatophyte infection
- lymphedema
- cancer
- aging
Pathology
Clinical triad of:
- opaque yellow & dystrophic nails
- lymphatic abnormalities
- systemic illness
- pulmonary disease
- bronchiectasis (20%)
- pleural effusion (30-40%)
- cancer
- pulmonary disease
Genetics
- autosomal disorder
- associated with defects in FOXC2 gene
Clinical manifestations
- diffuse yellow to green discoloration of the fingernails & toenails
- nail thickening
- slowed growth
- excessive curvature from side to side
- edema of the fingertips, ankles & face may occur
- sinusitis may be present
- Raynaud's phenomenon may be present
- pleural effusion (30-40%)
- lymphocyte predominant
- may appear years after nail changes occur
- tend to be small to moderate in size
- tend to be bilateral
- exudative or transudative
- lymphedema
- lower extremities
- may affect breasts
* images[4]
More general terms
References
- ↑ Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, Common & Serious Diseases, 3rd ed, Fitzpatrick et al, McGraw Hill, NY, 1997, pg 498
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 179
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 DermNet NZ. Yellow nail syndrome (images) http://www.dermnetnz.org/hair-nails-sweat/yellow-nails.html