yellow fever

Introduction

Mosquitoe-borne infection transmitted by Aedes aegypti & other Aedes species & Haemogogus mosquitoes. Monkeys serve as a reservoir for the yellow fever virus.

Epidemiology

• urban yellow fever occurs only in some African cities
• jungle yellow fever occurs in South America & Africa
• yellow fever in 10 travelers returning to the U.S. from Brazil in 2018
  • 4 deaths
  • all cases in unvaccinated persons
  • 8 infected on Ilha Grande, an island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro

Clinical manifestations

• period of viremia lasting 3-4 days
• followed by a period of 'intoxication'
  • jaundice
  • hemorrhage
  • black vomitus
  • anuria
  • delirium

Laboratory

• complete blood count (CBC)
  • leukocyte count may be normal, reduced or high
• urinalysis: albuminuria
• serum creatinine & serum urea nitrogen may be increased depending upon degree of renal failure
• liver function tests may be mildly abnormal to severely abnormal

Management

• vaccination of all visitors to endemic areas
• Information regarding vaccination may be obtained from: Health Information for Travelers Centers for Disease Control & Prevention Atlanta, GA 30333 Fax: (404) 332-4565 Phone: (404) 332-4559

More general terms

• viral infection

Additional terms

• yellow fever vaccine (YF-VAX, Stamaril)
• yellow fever virus

Patient information

yellow fever patient information