sunscreen

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[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]

Indications

Dosage

Adverse effects

Diagnostic procedures

Mechanism of action

* only zinc oxide & titanium dioxide generally regarded as safe & effective (GRASE)[18]

Notes

  • oral sunscreens might help, but are NOT a substitute for topical sunscreens
  • "broad spectrum" protection is now strictly defined as screening both UV-A & UV-B rays[10]
  • claims of "waterproof" & "sweatproof" no longer allowed; "water-resistance" is allowed
  • < 50% of women & < 20% of men regularly use sunscreen on the face[15]
  • a diagnosis of skin cancer within 1 year is not associated with greater sunscreen use among men, though it is associated with sunscreen use on the face among women[15]
  • suncreen SPF 100 applied every 2 hours more effective than beach umbrella[17]

More general terms

More specific terms

References

  1. ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
  2. ↑ Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, Common & Serious Diseases, 3rd ed, Fitzpatrick et al, McGraw Hill, NY, 1997, pg 985
  3. ↑ Prescriber's Letter 11(5):27 2004
  4. ↑ Prescriber's Letter 12(7): 2005 Sunscreens, Vitamin D, and Cancer Risk Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=210705&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bryden AM et al, Photopatch testing of 1155 patients: Results of the U.K. multicente photopath study group Br J Dermatol 2006, 155:737 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16965423
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Lautenschlager S et al. Photoprotection. Lancet 2007 May 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60638-2)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Prescriber's Letter 14(8): 2007 PATIENT HANDOUT: Staying Safe In The Sun Update on Sunscreens: UVA Protection Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=230806&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Gordon LG et al Regular sunscreen use is a cost-effective approach to skin cancer prevention in subtropical settings. J Invest Dermatol 2009 Dec; 129:2766. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536149
    King SC and Chen S. Analyzing the cost of preventing nonmelanoma skin cancer. J Invest Dermatol 2009 Dec; 129:2745. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19901945
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Green AC et al. Reduced melanoma after regular sunscreen use: Randomized trial follow-up. J Clin Oncol 2011 Jan 20; 29:257. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21135266
    Gimotty PA and Glanz K. Sunscreen and melanoma: What is the evidence? J Clin Oncol 2011 Jan 20; 29:249. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21135278
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 FDA PRESS RELEASE: June 14, 2011 FDA Announces Changes to Better Inform Consumers About Sunscreen http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm258940.htm
  11. ↑ Prescriber's Letter 18(8): 2011 Sunscreens COMMENTARY: New Requirements for OTC Sunscreen Products PATIENT HANDOUT: Staying Safe in the Sun PATIENT HANDOUT SPANISH VERSION: Medidas de seguridad para evitar danos causados por la exposicion al sol Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=270808&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hughes MCB et al Sunscreen and Prevention of Skin Aging: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(11):781-790 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23732711 <Internet> http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1691733
  13. ↑ Akamine KL et al Trends in Sunscreen Recommendation Among US Physicians. JAMA Dermatol. Published online September 04, 2013. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24005847 <Internet> http://archderm.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1735118
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Heurung AR et al. Adverse reactions to sunscreen agents: epidemiology, responsible irritants and allergens, clinical characteristics, and management. Dermatitis 2014 Nov/Dec; 25:289 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25384223
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Holman DM et al. Patterns of sunscreen use on the face and other exposed skin among US adults. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015 Jul; 73:83 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26002066 <Internet> http://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622%2815%2901352-3/abstract
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Ou-Yang H, Jiang LI, Meyer K et al Sun Protection by Beach Umbrella vs Sunscreen With a High Sun Protection Factor. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Dermatol. Published online January 18, 2017. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28114650 <Internet> http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2597893
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 FDA News Release. Feb 21, 2019 FDA advances new proposed regulation to make sure that sunscreens are safe and effective. https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm631736.htm
  19. ↑ FDA. Nov 26, 2014 Sunscreen Innovation Act (SIA) https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm434782.htm
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Matta MK, Zusterzeel R, Pilli NR et al Effect of Sunscreen Application Under Maximal Use Conditions on Plasma Concentration of Sunscreen Active Ingredients. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online May 6, 2019 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31058986 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2733085
    Califf RM, Shinkai K Filling in the Evidence About Sunscreen JAMA. Published online May 6, 2019 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31058950 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2733084
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Matta MK, Florian J,Zusterzeel R et al Effect of Sunscreen Application on Plasma Concentration of Sunscreen Active Ingredients. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020;323(3):256-267. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31961417 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2759002
    Adamson AS, Shinkai K Systemic Absorption of Sunscreen. Balancing Benefits With Unknown Harms. JAMA. 2020;323(3):223-224 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31961400 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2758982
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Koenig D Many Sunscreens Have High Levels of a Carcinogen, Pharmacy Tells FDA. Medscape - May 28, 2021. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/952106
    Schwartz F J&J Recalls Aveeno, Neutrogena Spray Sunscreens. Wall Street Journal. July 14, 2021 https://www.wsj.com/articles/j-j-recalls-aveeno-neutrogena-spray-sunscreens-11626303616

Patient information

sunscreen patient information

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