epinephrine/lidocaine; lidocaine (Xylocaine) with epinephrine

Indications

• local infiltration anesthesia

Contraindications

Caution:

• do NOT use in distal parts of the body, i.e. digits, nose, ears, penis
• do NOT use large doses in patients with heart block

Dosage

• varies with procedure
• children:
  • use 0.5% lidocaine (0.25%-0.5% in infants)
  • lidocaine dose should not exceed 7 mg/kg (when used with epinephrine {4.5 mg/kg without})

Injection:

• with epinephrine (1:100,000) lidocaine HCl (1% 30 mL)
• with epinephrine (1:100,000) lidocaine HCl (2% 30 mL)
• with epinephrine (1:200,000) lidocaine HCl (1% 30 mL)
• with epinephrine (1:200,000) lidocaine HCl (2% 30 mL)

Adverse effects

• not common (1-10%)
  • hypotension, bradycardia, lightheadedness, nervousness, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, convulsions, urticaria, tremors, blurred vision, tinnitus

More general terms

• pharmacologic combination
• local anesthetic

More specific terms

• lidocaine/epinephrine topical (LidoSite)

Components

• epinephrine; adrenaline (Sus-Phrine, Vapronefrin, Epifrin, Glaucon, Auvi-Q, Allerject)
• lidocaine (Xylocaine)