proparacaine ophthalmic (Ophthaine, Ophthetic, Keracaine)

Introduction

Tradenames: Ophthaine, Ophthetic.

Indications

• anesthesia for tonometry, gonioscopy, suture removal from cornea
• removal of corneal foreign body, cataracts extraction, glaucoma surgery, short operative procedures involving the cornea & conjunctiva

Never prescribe due to corneal toxicity with repeated use.

Dosage

• ophthalmic surgery: 1 drop 0.05% solution every 5-10 minutes for total of 5-7 doses
• tonometry, gonioscopy, suture removal: 1-2 drops of 0.o5% solution in eye just prior to the procedure

Solution: 0.05% (15 mL).

Adverse effects

• less common (1-10%)
  • burning, stinging, redness
• uncommon (< 1%)
  • CNS depression, blurred vision, arrhythmias, increased sweating, lacrimation, allergic contact dermatitis, irritation, sensitization, keratitis, iritis, erosion of corneal epithelium, conjunctival congestion & hemorrhage, corneal opacification

More general terms

• proparacaine; proxymetacaine
• ophthalmic anesthetic

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=4935
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=517321
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=22169