autoimmune hemolytic anemia
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Introduction
see hemolytic anemia
Etiology
- autoantibody-mediated hemolytic anemia
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia[2][5]
- common variable immunodeficiency[7]
Epidemiology
- affects both children & adults
Pathology
- autoantibodies react with all erythrocytes, including donor erythrocytes[2]
Laboratory
- direct antiglobulin test
- a completely cross-match compatible unit may be difficult to find[2]
Management
- see warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- transfuse with ABO & Rh type-specific incompatible blood if transfusion indicated[2]
- donor erythrocytes, although cross-match incompatible, will still survive for days to weeks
- major complication is failure to identify significant alloantibody (unlikely if patient has not been previously transfused)
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Michel M Classification and therapeutic approaches in autoimmune hemolytic anemia: an update. Expert Rev Hematol. 2011 Dec;4(6):607-18 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22077525
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 18, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2018
- ↑ Lechner K, Jger U. How I treat autoimmune hemolytic anemias in adults. Blood. 2010 Sep 16;116(11):1831-8. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20548093 Free Article
- ↑ Barcellini W. Immune Hemolysis: Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations. Semin Hematol. 2015 Oct;52(4):304-12. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26404442
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Molica S, Polliack A. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the current era of targeted therapy. Leuk Res. 2016 Nov;50:31-36. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27657651
- ↑ Rothaus C NEJM Resident 360. Aug 14, 2019 https://resident360.nejm.org/clinical-pearls/autoimmune-hemolytic-anemia
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 NEJM Knowledge+