acyl carrier protein (ACP)

Function

• a small (8.8 kDa) but ubiquitous & highly conserved carrier of acyl groups during the synthesis of fatty acids

Structure

• 4-phosphopantetheine moiety, linked via its phosphate group to the hydroxyl group of Ser

Comparative biology

• in yeast & mammals, it forms a separate region within a multifunctional fatty acid synthase complex, but in bacteria & plastids it remains as a small monomeric protein
• in humans, acyl carrier proteins include:
  • fatty acid synthase
  • 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase
  • octanoyltransferase, mitochondrial
  • malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase
  • hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2, mitochondrial
  • NADH dehydrogenase 9.6 kD subunit

More general terms

• carrier protein (transporter)

More specific terms

• 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial
• fatty acid synthase; includes: [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase; [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] deh...
• hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2, mitochondrial; HsHTD2; 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (RPP14)
• malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, mitochondrial; MCT; mitochondrial malonyltransferase; [acyl-carrier-protein] malonyltransferase (MCAT, MT)
• NADH dehydrogenase 9.6 kD subunit; mitochondrial acyl carrier protein; ACP C1-SDAP; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 9.6 kD subunit (ACP, NDUFAB1)
• octanoyltransferase, mitochondrial; octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]-protein N-octanoyltransferase; lipoyl/octanoyl transferase; lipoate-protein ligase B (LIPT2)