cryptochrome 2 (CRY2, KIAA0658)
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Function
- blue light-dependent regulator of the circadian feedback
- component of the circadian core oscillator
- inhibits CLOCK|NPAS2-BMAL1 E box-mediated transcription via stabilizing unphosphorylated form of BMAL1
- acts, in conjunction with CRY1, in maintaining period length & circadian rhythmicity
- no photolyase activity
- translocates circadian clock core proteins, including PER proteins to the nucleus (putative)
- interacts directly with PER1 & PER2 C-terminal domains
- interaction with PER2 inhibits its ubiquitination & vice versa
- phosphorylation on Ser-266 by MAPK is important for the inhibition of CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activity
- phosphorylation by CSNK1E requires interaction with PER1 or PER2
- binds 1 FAD per subunit
- binds 1 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate non-covalently per subunit
Structure
- belongs to the DNA photolyase class-1 family
- contains 1 DNA photolyase domain
Compartment
- cytoplasm, nucleus
- translocated to the nucleus via interaction with other Clock proteins
Expression
- expressed in all tissues including heart & skeletal muscle > brain, fibroblasts, placenta, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon, leukocytes