CD164; sialomucin core protein 24; MUC-24; endolyn; multi-glycosylated core protein 24; MGC-24; MGC-24v (CD164)
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Function
- sialomucin that may play a key role in hematopoiesis by facilitating adhesion of CD34(+) cells to the stroma & by negatively regulating CD34(+)CD38(lo/-) cell proliferation
- modulates migration of umbilical cord blood CD133+ cells via CXCL12/CXCR4
- promotes myogenesis by enhancing CXCR4-dependent cell motility
- positively regulates myoblast migration & promotes myoblast fusion into myotubes
- interacts with CXCR4
- role in regulating ErbB2 signaling
Structure
- highly N-glycosylated & O-glycosylated
- contains sialic acid
- the motif Ser-Gly may serve as the site of attachment of a glycosaminoglycan side chain
- homodimer (isoform 4)
- belongs to the CD164 family
Compartment
- single-pass type 1 membrane protein
- lysosome membrane, endosome membrane, plasma membrane
- isoform 2: secreted (putative)
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=5
Expression
- isoform 1 & isoform 3 are expressed in hematopoietic & non-hematopoietic tissues
- isoform 2 is expressed in the small intestine, colon, lung, & thyroid & in colorectal adenocarcinoma & pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- isoform 4 is expressed by both hematopoietic progenitor cells & bone marrow stromal cells
- up-regulated by CXCL12 in prostate cancer cell lines
Pathology
- may play a role in prostate cancer metastasis & the infiltration of bone marrow by cancer cells
- isoform 1 is expressed by prostate cancer tumors & prostate cancer cell lines
- expression is greater in bone metastases than in primary tumors
- expression in osseous metastasis is greater than that in soft tissue metastasis