fringe homolog protein

^[1]^[2]

Introduction

family of proteins which participate in the formation of boundaries between groups of cells during development.

Fringe proteins have fucose-specific beta 1,3-N-acetylglucos-aminyltransferase activity that catalyzes elongation of O-linked fucose on EGF repeats of Notch, which modulates Notch signaling.
Fringe proteins can positively and negatively modulate the ability of Notch ligands to activate Notch receptors
there are functional differences between various fringes in their ability to modulate different Notch ligand binding to Notch receptors
Fringe beta 1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity is necessary but not sufficient to inhibit jagged 1 protein induced Notch signalling
beta-4-galactosyltransferase-1 is also required^[2]

originally named Drosophila protein; 3 mammalian homologs identified: lunatic fringe, radical fringe & manic fringe

↑ Shimizu K, Chiba S, Saito T et al Manic fringe and lunatic fringe modify different sites of the Notch2 extracellular region, resulting in different signaling modulation. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 13;276(28):25753-8. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11346656 Free article. https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(19)30118-8/fulltext
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Chen J, Moloney DJ, Stanley P. Fringe modulation of Jagged1-induced Notch signaling requires the action of beta 4galactosyltransferase-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 20;98(24):13716-21. . PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11707585 PMCID: PMC61107 Free PMC article. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC61107/