azurocidin; cationic antimicrobial protein CAP37; heparin-binding protein; HBP (AZU1)

Function

• neutrophil granule-derived antibacterial & monocyte- & fibroblast-specific chemotactic glycoprotein
• binds heparin

the cytotoxic action is limited to many species of Gram-negative bacteria

• specificity may be explained by a strong affinity of the very basic N-terminal half for the negatively charged lipopolysaccharides that are unique to the Gram-negative bacterial outer envelope
• may play a role in mediating recruitment of monocytes in the second wave of inflammation
• antibacterial activity against P aeruginosa
  • activity is inhibited by LPS from P aeruginosa acting alone
• does not have antimicrobial activity against
  • A actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29532,, NCTC 9709 or FDC-Y4,
  • H aphrophilus ATCC 13252
  • E corrodens ATCC 23834
  • C sputigena ATCC 33123
  • Capnocytophaga sp ATCC 33124, ATCC 27872
  • E.coli ML 35
• antibacterial activity against C sputigena ATCC 33123 when acting synergistically with either elastase or cathepsin G

Structure

• monomer
• belongs to the peptidase S1 family, elastase subfamily
• contains 1 peptidase S1 domain

Compartment

• cytoplasmic granules of neutrophils

More general terms

• secreted protein
• glycoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=566
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:566
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/162815
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20160.html