ERO1-like protein alpha; ERO1-L; ERO1-L-alpha; endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1-like protein; oxidoreductin-1-L-alpha (ERO1L)

Function

• oxidoreductase
• provides oxidizing equivalents in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for the formation of disulfide bonds
• directly oxidizes P4HB/PDI isomerase via direct disulfide exchange
• does NOT act as a direct oxidant of folding substrate, but relies on P4HB/PDI to transfer oxidizing equivalent
• does not oxidize all PDI related proteins
  • can discriminate between PDI & related proteins.
  • associates with TXNDC4 but not with GRP54
• reoxidation involves electron transfer to O2 via FAD
• association with TXNDC4 retains ERO1LB in the ER
• involved in folding of immunoglobulins

Cofactor: FAD

Structure

• monomer & homodimer
• belongs to the EROs family

Compartment

endoplasmic reticulum, lumenal side

Expression

• widely expressed at low level
• expressed at high level in upper digestive tract esophagus > stomach, duodenum
• induced by hypoxia

Pathology

• release of unfolded cholera toxin (retrotranslocation) from reduced P4HB/PDI during infection by V.cholerae

More general terms

• oxidoreductase
• glycoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=30001
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:30001
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q96HE7.html