85 kD Ca+2-independent phospholipase A2; CaI-PLA2; iPLA2; group VI phospholipase A2; GVI PLA2 (PLA2G6, IPLA2)

Function

• catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids
• implicated in
  • normal phospholipid remodeling
  • nitric oxide-induced or vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release
  • leukotriene & prostaglandin production
• may participate in Fas mediated apoptosis
• may participate in regulating transmembrane ion flux in glucose-stimulated B-cells
• role in cardiolipin deacylation
• isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-1 & isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-2, which lack the catalytic domain, are probably involved in the negative regulation of iPLA2 activity

phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

Structure

• forms large oligomeric 270-350 kD structures
• contains 7 ANK repeats

Compartment

• isoform LH-iPLA2: peripheral membrane
• isoform SH-iPLA2: cytoplasm

Alternative splicing

• named isoforms=4
• iPLA2, SH-iPLA2, ankyrin-iPLA2-1, ankyrin-iPLA2-2

Expression

• four different transcripts expressed in a distinct tissue distribution

Pathology

• defects in PLA2G6 are the cause of
  • neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 2A
  • neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 2B
  • Parkinson disease type 14

Pharmacology

• potential target for therapeutic intervention of Barth syndrome

More general terms

• phospholipase A2; phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase (PLA2)
• ankyrin repeat domain protein (ANKRD)
• phosphoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8398
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8398
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/256600
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/603604
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/610217
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/612953
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60733.html