granzyme-B; granzyme-2; fragmentin-2; cathepsin G-like 1; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 2; T-cell serine protease 1-3E; lymphocyte protease; SECT; CTSGL1; CTLA-1; human lymphocyte protein; HLP; C11 (GZMB, CGL1, CSPB, CTLA1, GRB)
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Function
- Granzyme B is by far the most abundant of granzymes secreted by cytotoxic lymphocytes
- necessary for target cell lysis in cell-mediated immune responses
- cleaves C-terminal to Asp
- cleaves & activates CPP32/YAMA[3]
- seems to be linked to an activation cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) responsible for apoptosis execution
- exposure of cells to perforin & granzyme-B is sufficient to induce apoptosis[1]
- cleaves caspase-3, -7, -9 & 10 to give rise to active enzymes mediating apoptosis
- preferential cleavage: -Asp-|-Xaa- >> -Asn-|-Xaa- > -Met-|-Xaa-, -Ser-|-Xaa-
Structure
Compartment
Expression
- most abundant of granzymes secreted by cytotoxic lymphocytes
- induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) in peripheral blood leukocytes
More general terms
References
- ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 Martin SJ, Green DR. Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts? Cell. 1995 Aug 11;82(3):349-52. Review. No abstract available. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7634323
- ↑ Smyth MJ, Trapani JA. Granzymes: exogenous proteinases that induce target cell apoptosis. Immunol Today. 1995 Apr;16(4):202-6. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7734049
- ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 Darmon AJ, Nicholson DW, Bleackley RC. Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B. Nature. 1995 Oct 5;377(6548):446-8. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7566124
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P10144.html