renal vein thrombosis
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Etiology
(risk factors):
Clinical manifestations
- acute cases generally occur in children
- sudden loss in renal function
- fever/chills
- lumbar tenderness (with renal enlargement)
- leukocytosis
- hematuria
- flank pain[4]
- subacute renal deterioration
- in setting of risk factors(s) (see etiology)
- exacerbation of nephrotic syndrome
- hematuria
- indolent cases may occur in elderly
- other
- Fanconi syndrome
- proximal renal tubular acidosis
- palpable abdominal mass(es) not a feature[3]
Radiology
- renal ultrasound
- magnetic resonance
- selective renal venography
- CT angiography (initial diagnostic test)[3]
Complications
Management
- anticoagulation to prevent pulmonary emboli
- streptokinase
- nephrectomy in infants with renal infarction
- thrombectomy
More general terms
References
- ↑ Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th ed, Ewald & McKenzie (eds), Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1995, pg 269
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 1559
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NEJM Knowledge+