avascular osteonecrosis; aseptic necrosis

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Introduction

Osteonecrosis can occur in any bone & is associated with a variety of disorders. When the process occurs at a bone end, it is known as avascular osteonecrosis.

Etiology

(associated disorders)

* glucocorticoid use & alcoholism account for > 90% of cases of hip osteonecrosis[5]

Pathology

Genetics

Clinical manifestations

  • hips, shoulders & knees most commonly affected
  • patients may have bilateral disease with unilateral symptoms
  • limited range of motion of involved joint (i.e. hip)[5]
  • early stages of bone death may be associated with severe pain[5]

Radiology

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

References

  1. Basic Radiology, Chen MYM, Pope TL & Ott DJ (eds), McGraw Hill, NY 1996
  2. Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 867
  3. Weiner, S in: Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Santa Monica, CA, Sept 20-23, 2000
  4. Weiner, S in: UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine & Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16, 17. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012, 2015
    Amanatullah DF, Strauss EJ, Di Cesare PE. Current management options for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: part 1, diagnosis and nonoperative management. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2011 Sep;40(9):E186-92. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22022684
  6. NIAMS: Osteonecrosis https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteonecrosis

Patient information

avascular necrosis patient information

Database