periodic paralysis; hypokalemic periodic paralysis; Andersen-Tawil Syndrome
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Etiology
Epidemiology
- rare[2]
Pathology
- physiologic basis of flaccid weakness is inexcitability of the sarcolemma
- results from sudden intracellular shift of K+[2]
Genetics
- SCN4A - hyperkalemia
- CACNA1S- hypokalemia
- KCNJ18 - thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis
- KCNJ2 - Andersen-Tawil syndrome
Clinical manifestations
- episodes of paralysis or flaccid muscle weakness occurring at irregular intervals
- precipitated by strenous exercise or high-carbohydrate meal[2]
- more episodic than periodic
Laboratory
- serum potassium may be normal, high or low
More general terms
More specific terms
- familial periodic paralysis (hyperkalemic, normokalemic, hypokalemic, HYPP, NKPP, HYPOPP)
- thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis