human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping
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Expression
- found in all nucleated cells
Biochemistry
- HLA antigens confer the ability to produce an immune response to different antigens by determining if a molecule is histocompatible with the individual & for initiating an immune response if it is deemed foreign[1]
- HLA antigens function in antigen presentation to T cells
- an immune response is initiated through interaction of an antigen-presenting cell & a T-cell through recognition of the foreign antigen as incompatible with the HLA antigen[1]
Genetics
- major histocompatibility complex is a set of genes that code for HLA antigens
- multiple genes code for different parts of the HLA antigens
- several possible combinations of gene products exist
- thus the likelihood of two individuals expressing identical HLA antigens is vanishingly small[1]
More general terms
More specific terms
- HLA-A genotyping
- HLA-B genotyping
- HLA-C genotyping
- HLA-DP genotyping
- HLA-DQ genotyping
- HLA-DR genotyping
- HLA-Dw genotyping
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kamal S, Kerndt CC, Lappin SL Genetics, Histocompatibility Antigen National Library of Medicine, NCBI Bookshelf: StatPearls https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541023/