cysteine dioxygenase type 1; cysteine dioxygenase type I; CDO; CDO-I (CDO1)

Function

• initiates several metabolic pathways related to pyruvate & several sulfurate compounds including sulfate, taurine & hypotaurine
• regulates cellular cysteine concentrations
  • role in maintaining hepatic concentation of intracellular free cysteine within a proper narrow range
• organosulfur biosynthesis; taurine biosynthesis
• hypotaurine from L-cysteine: step 1/2
• the thioether cross-link between Cys-93 & Tyr-157 plays a structural role through stabilizing the Fe+2 ion, & prevents production of free hydroxyl radicals by holding the hydroxyl radical via hydroxyl hydrogen

L-cysteine + O2 = 3-sulfinoalanine

Cofactor:

• binds 1 iron ion per subunit
• binds Zn+2 to a much lesser extent

Structure

• monomer
• belongs to the cysteine dioxygenase family

Expression

• highly expressed in liver & placenta
• low expression in heart, brain & pancreas
• detected in hepatoblastoma hepG2 cells
  • in hepatoblastoma hepG2 cells, down-regulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)

More general terms

• dioxygenase
• phosphoprotein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=1036
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:1036
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/603943
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q16878.html