1st sacral spinal nerve (S1)

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Function

Innervation

Pathology

Referred pain:[2]

  • L5 & S1 -> lateral or posterior calf
  • S1 -> heel & lateral foot

Physical examination

More general terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2018
  2. 2.0 2.1 Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1994, pg 73-74
  3. Geriatrics at your Fingertips, 21st edition, 2019 Reuben DB et al (eds) American Geriatric Society ISSNL 1553-152X, ISBN 978-1-886775-62-6