acetylcholine (Miochol, Pragmoline)
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Introduction
Neurochemistry: Neurotransmitter at muscarinic & nicotinic synapses. Choline uptake is rate-limiting in acetylcholine synthesis. Acetylcholine is always the neurotransmitter in the 1st synapse leaving the central nervous system.
Pharmacology
Indications
- miosis & contraction of the ciliary muscle, especially for cataract surgery, keratoplasty, iridectomy & other anterior chamber eye surgery where rapid miosis is required
Contraindications
- acute iritis
- acute inflammatory processes
Dosage
- 0.5-2 mL of 1% solution injected into the anterior chamber
Powder kit for preparation of 1:100 & 2.8% mannitol (10 mg/mL) intraophthalmic solution. 20 mg (2 mL).
Pharmacokinetics
duration of action is about 10 minutes
Adverse effects
- uncommon (< 1%)
- bradycardia, alteration of vision, lenticular opacity breathing difficulty, hypotension, drowsiness, flushing, sweating
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GZV3.html
Database
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=182
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=547020
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6060
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5315629
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=65551
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=75271