beta-carotene

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Introduction

beta-Carotene is a precursor for vitamin A.

Pathology

Clinical trials

  • beta-Carotene supplements have been touted for health benefits;
  • meta-analysis of 8 randomized trials involving 138,000 subjects followed for as long as 6 years, overall mortality & cardiovascular mortality was higher in the beta-carotene group (7.4% vs 7.0% & 3.4% vs. 3.1%, respectively)
  • subjects taking beta-carotene 50 mg QOD for a mean of 18 years had modest but significantly lower risk for cognitive decline than placebo group
    • no baseline cognitive measures obtained,
    • no benefits were seen after 1 year[3]

Notes

More general terms

Additional terms

Component of

References

  1. Journal Watch 24(1):7, 2004
  2. Journal Watch 23(16):125, 2004 Vivekananthan DP et al, Lancet 361:2017, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12814711
  3. 3.0 3.1 Grodstein F et al, A randomized trial of beta-carotene supplementation and cognitive function in men: The physicians' health study II. Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:2184 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17998490
    Yaffe K Antioxidants and prevention of memory decline: Does duration of use matter? Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:2167 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17998489
  4. 4.0 4.1 Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Norat T, et al. Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Cancer. 2010;127:172-184 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19876916
  5. 5.0 5.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022
  6. 6.0 6.1 US Preventive Services Task Force Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer. US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2022;327(23):2326-2333. June 21 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35727271

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