hypocretin; orexin (HCRT, OX, PPORX, PPOX)

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Function

  • precursor to peptide neurotransmitters
  • may play a role in sleep
  • may play role in appetite
  • may have broader role in homeostatic regulation of
  • preprohypocretin gives rise to orexin-A (Hcrt1) & orexin-B (Hcrt2)
  • orexin-A binds to both OX1R & OX2R with a high affinity
  • orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity
  • specific enzymatic cleavages at paired basic residues yield the different active peptides

Structure

  • structurally similar to secretin
  • belongs to the orexin family

Compartment

Expression

Pathology

Pharmacology

Notes

  • Orexin from the Greek orexis meaning appetite. orexin-A = hypocretin-1; orexin-B = hypocretin-2

More general terms

Additional terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Journal Watch 20(21):170, 2000
  2. Peyron C et al A mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains. Nature Med 6:991,2000 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10973318
  3. Sakurai T et al Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell 92:573, 1998 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9491897
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O43612.html
  5. Protein Spotlight; qui dort dine - Issue 15 of October 2001 http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt015.shtml
  6. 6.0 6.1 FDA News Release. August 13, 2014 FDA approves new type of sleep drug, Belsomra http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm409950.htm
  7. Liguori C et al. Orexinergic system dysregulation, sleep impairment, and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 2014 Oct 13; PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25322206
    Ferini-Strambi L. Possible role of orexin in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 2014 Oct 13 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25317720

Database