thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial; selenoprotein Z; selZ; TR-beta; thioredoxin reductase TR3 (TXNRD2, KIAA1652, TRXR2)

Function

• maintains thioredoxin in a reduced state
• implicated in the defenses against oxidative stress
• may play a role in redox-regulated cell signaling
• the active site is a redox-active disulfide bond
• the selenocysteine residue is essential for enzymatic activity

thioredoxin + NADP+ = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH

Cofactor: FAD (putative)

Structure

• homodimer
• belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family

Compartment

mitochondria

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=4

Expression

• highly expressed in the prostate, ovary, liver, testis, uterus, colon & small intestine
• moderately expressed in brain, skeletal muscle, heart & spleen
• low expression in placenta, pancreas, thymus & peripheral blood leukocytes
• high levels in kidney; low levels in kidney

More general terms

• selenoprotein
• oxidoreductase
• flavoprotein
• mitochondrial protein

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=10587
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:10587
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/606448
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NNW7.html